Types of Greenhouses and Their Classification

Greenhouses are spaces that provide controlled environmental conditions for plant growth. These structures allow farmers to produce crops outside the natural growing season and also enable them to cultivate various types of plants in areas with unsuitable climatic conditions. Considering the climatic diversity and the different needs of plants, various types of greenhouses have been designed and constructed. In this article, we will examine the types of greenhouses and their classification.

Classification Based on Cover Material

Glass Greenhouses:

These greenhouses are made from transparent or semi-transparent glass panels. Glass allows sunlight to pass through effectively and provides good thermal insulation. However, their construction and maintenance are costly, and they are fragile against impact.

Plastic Greenhouses:

The cover of these greenhouses is usually made from polyethylene or polycarbonate plastics. Plastics are lighter and cheaper than glass and offer greater flexibility. However, their durability is lower than glass, and they are vulnerable to ultraviolet radiation.

Polycarbonate Greenhouses:

Polycarbonate is a type of strong and transparent plastic that provides excellent thermal insulation. These greenhouses are resistant to impact and UV radiation and have a longer lifespan compared to regular plastics.

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Classification Based on Structure

Tunnel Greenhouses:

These are the simplest type of greenhouses and typically consist of a plastic cover over an arched frame. They are inexpensive and easy to install but have lower resistance to wind and snow.

Multi-Span Greenhouses:

These greenhouses consist of several spans arranged linearly or parallel to one another. They usually have a strong metal frame and are more suitable for commercial cultivation.

Multi-Level Greenhouses:

These greenhouses contain multiple levels stacked vertically. They make optimal use of available space and are suitable for cultivating plants that require high light levels.

Screenhouses:

These structures are used to protect plants from pests and harsh weather conditions and are typically made from special nets (Screenhouses).ط

Hydroponic Greenhouses:

These greenhouses are designed for growing plants without soil using nutrient solutions.

Aeroponic Greenhouses:

In these greenhouses, the roots of plants are suspended in the air, and moisture and nutrients are delivered through spraying.

Classification Based on Application

Research Greenhouses:

Used for conducting experiments and plant-related research.

Educational Greenhouses:

Used for training students and individuals interested in agriculture.

Commercial Greenhouses:

Used for commercial-scale crop production.

Home Greenhouses:

Used for growing ornamental plants and vegetables at home.

Factors Influencing the Selection of Greenhouse Type

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  Plant Type:

  Light, temperature, humidity, and nutrient requirements.

   

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  Scale of Cultivation:

  Home, commercial, industrial.

   

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  Budget:

  Construction, installation, and maintenance costs.

   

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  Climatic Conditions:

  Temperature, humidity, sunlight, wind, precipitation.

   

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  Control Systems:

  Heating, cooling, ventilation, irrigation, lighting.

   

Conclusion

Selecting the appropriate type of greenhouse depends on multiple factors and requires a thorough assessment of the conditions and objectives of each project. With advancements in technology and increased awareness among farmers, greenhouse cultivation is developing as a sustainable and efficient method for agricultural production. By choosing the right greenhouse type and utilizing modern technologies, maximum productivity and product quality can be achieved.

Gol Afrouz Company also provides all efficient and modern greenhouse equipment. If you are in Karaj, Tehran, or any other city in Iran and are looking for a reliable partner for building your greenhouse, contact us through the website now and benefit from the professional consultation of our experts.